Sunan at-Tirmithiy كتاب تفسير القرآن باب ومن سورة المائدة
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الطَّالْقَانِىُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ أَخْبَرَنَا عُتْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِى حَكِيمٍ حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ جَارِيَةَ اللَّخْمِىُّ عَنْ أَبِى أُمَيَّةَ الشَّعْبَانِىِّ قَالَ أَتَيْتُ أَبَا ثَعْلَبَةَ الْخُشَنِىَّ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ كَيْفَ تَصْنَعُ فِى هَذِهِ الآيَةِ قَالَ أَيَّةُ آيَةٍ قُلْتُ قَوْلُهُ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ لاَ يَضُرُّكُمْ مَنْ ضَلَّ إِذَا اهْتَدَيْتُمْ قَالَ أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ سَأَلْتَ عَنْهَا خَبِيرًا سَأَلْتُ عَنْهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ بَلِ ائْتَمِرُوا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَتَنَاهَوْا عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ حَتَّى إِذَا رَأَيْتَ شُحًّا مُطَاعًا وَهَوًى مُتَّبَعًا وَدُنْيَا مُؤْثَرَةً وَإِعْجَابَ كُلِّ ذِى رَأْىٍ بِرَأْيِهِ فَعَلَيْكَ بِخَاصَّةِ نَفْسِكَ وَدَعِ الْعَوَامَّ فَإِنَّ مِنْ وَرَائِكُمْ أَيَّامًا الصَّبْرُ فِيهِنَّ مِثْلُ الْقَبْضِ عَلَى الْجَمْرِ لِلْعَامِلِ فِيهِنَّ مِثْلُ أَجْرِ خَمْسِينَ رَجُلاً يَعْمَلُونَ مِثْلَ عَمَلِكُمْ. قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ وَزَادَنِى غَيْرُ عُتْبَةَ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَجْرُ خَمْسِينَ رَجُلاً مِنَّا أَوْ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ لاَ بَلْ أَجْرُخَمْسِينَ مِنْكُمْ. قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ.
Abū-Umayyah ash-Sha'bānī said, "I asked Abū-Tha‘labah al-Khushanī about the interpretation of the verse: 'O you who have believed, upon you is [responsibility for] yourselves. Those who have gone astray will not harm you when you have been guided.'" (5 [al-Mā'idah]: 105) He replied, "By God, you have certainly asked someone who is well-acquainted [with its interpretation], for I asked the Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, about it (1) and he said, 'Rather, promote the good and ward off evil amongst each other. Once you see stinginess obeyed, whims followed, worldly life favored, and one's opinions acclaimed, then, preserve yourself and leave the common people. For indeed, ahead of you are days in which exercising patience will be like grasping live coal tightly in one's hand. The one who performs righteous deeds then will have the reward of fifty people performing your deeds.'" 'Abdullāh Ibnul-Mubārak (one of the narrators of the ḥadīth) related that it was asked, "Messenger of God, the reward of fifty of us or fifty of them?" He replied, "No. Rather, it is the reward of fifty of you."
(1) Apparently, the verse seems to urge Muslims to be solely concerned with themselves instead of engaging in promoting the good and warding off evil. Therefore the Companion asked the Prophet, peace and blessings of God be upon him, for further clarification.
