ḤADĪTH OF THE DAY

“ Sa‘d Ibn-Abī-Waqqāṣ said, "I became very ill during the year of The Conquest [of Makkah] (1), and I was on the brink of death. The Messenger, peace and blessings of God be upon him, came to visit me and I asked him, ‘Messenger of God, I have a considerable wealth, and I do not have any heirs other than my daughter. Should I bequeath all of my wealth [to charity]?’ He replied, ‘No.’ 'Two-thirds of my wealth, then?’ I asked. He replied, ‘No.’ ‘So, half of my wealth?’ I asked. He replied, ‘No.’ So, I asked, ‘One-third?’ He replied, ‘One-third; and one-third is a lot. Leaving your inheritors with wealth is certainly better than leaving them dependant and begging from others. Indeed, you do not spend anything [for the sake of God] without being rewarded for it, even [if it is] a morsel that you put in your wife’s mouth.’ I lamented, ‘Messenger of God, I will be left behind after my hijrah.'(2) He replied, ‘Indeed, staying behind after me, doing [good] deeds for the sake of God, will only elevate you and raise you in rank. Perhaps you are being left behind so that some people will benefit from you and others will be harmed by you. O God, complete the hijrah of my Companions and do not turn them back on their heels.' However, the Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, lamented the wretched Sa‘d Ibn-Khawlah who died in Makkah [before migrating to Madīnah]." (3) Footnotes: (1) Most scholars agree that the narrator meant The Farewell Pilgrimage of the Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, not the year of The Conquest of Makkah because the narrator had no children at that time. (2) The migration from Makkah to Madīnah. In this instance it refers to the return to Madīnah after the Conquest. (3) It is recommended that a person not bequeath more than one-third of his legacy to charity. Some scholars prefer even less than this amount since the Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, said, “... and one-third is a lot.” ”

Sunan at-Tirmithiy كتاب الصوم باب ما جاء إذا أقبل الليل وأدبر النهار فقد أفطر الصائم

حَدَّثَنَا هَارُونُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الْهَمْدَانِىُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا أَقْبَلَ اللَّيْلُ وَأَدْبَرَ النَّهَارُ وَغَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَقَدْ أَفْطَرْتَ. قَالَ وَفِى الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِى أَوْفَى وَأَبِى سَعِيدٍ. قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى حَدِيثُ عُمَرَ حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ صَحِيحٌ.
Umar Ibnul-Khattāb said, "The Messenger of God, peace and blessings of God be upon him, said, 'As the night looms and the day comes to an end, and as the sun sets (1), then your fasting is over.'" Footnote (1): i.e. when it disappears completely. This means that the approach of the night and the departure of the day must be caused by the setting of the sun, and not by any other temporary cause which blocks out sunlight.