ḤADĪTH OF THE DAY

“ Al- Ḥakam Ibnul-A'raj said, "I came to Ibn-'Abbās , who he was bolstered on his cloak at Zamzam, and said, 'Tell me which day is the Day of 'Āshūrā' (2) so that I fast it.' He replied, 'When you see the crescent (3) of [the month of] Muharram, count [the days] then begin fasting from the ninth day (4).' I asked, 'Is this how Muhammad, peace and blessings of God be upon him, used to fast ['Āshūrā']?' He confirmed, 'yes.'" Footnotes: 1. The well located in the vicinity of the Sanctified House of God, the Ka'bah, where the prophet Ishmael's mother, Hagar, found water under her son's feet. The well produces water to this day. 2. The day on which prophet Moses used to fast to give thanks to God for saving the Children of Israel from their enemy. Fasting on the Day of 'Ashūrā' is optional. However, the Prophet, peace and blessings of God be upon him, said that the reward for fasting on that day is the expiation of sins committed during the year leading up to it. 3. The appearance of the crescent signals the beginning of the month. 4. The majority of scholars consider the Day of 'Āshūrā' to be the tenth of Muharram. Ibn-'Abbās also narrated another hadīth clearly identifying the tenth of Muharram as the Day of Āshūrā'. However, the Jews of Madīnah used to fast on that day long before the arrival of the Prophet, peace and blessings of God be upon him. In order to distinguish the Muslims from them, the Prophet, peace and blessings of God be upon him, decided to fast an extra day the following year; only he did not live long enough to do so. In which case, he would indeed have started to fast the morning of the ninth of Muharram, as indicated by Ibn-'Abbās. ”

Sunan at-Tirmithiy كتاب الحج باب ما جاء فى التمتع

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ سَعْدَ بْنَ أَبِى وَقَّاصٍ وَالضَّحَّاكَ بْنَ قَيْسٍ وَهُمَا يَذْكُرَانِ التَّمَتُّعَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ إِلَى الْحَجِّ فَقَالَ الضَّحَّاكُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ لاَ يَصْنَعُ ذَلِكَ إِلاَّ مَنْ جَهِلَ أَمْرَ اللَّهِ. فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ بِئْسَ مَا قُلْتَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِى. فَقَالَ الضَّحَّاكُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ فَإِنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ قَدْ نَهَى عَنْ ذَلِكَ. فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ قَدْ صَنَعَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَصَنَعْنَاهَا مَعَهُ. قَالَ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ.
Sa'd Ibn-Abi-Waqqās and ad-Ḍaḥḥāk Ibn-Qays were mentioning Unconnected Pilgrimage (1). Ad-Ḍaḥḥāk Ibn-Qays said, "Only those ignorant of God’s command would perform it!" Sa'd replied, "What a wretched thing you have said, my nephew!" Ad-Ḍaḥḥāk argued, "Well, ‘Umar Ibnul-Khaṭṭāb forbade it." Sa'd replied, "The Prophet, peace and blessings of God be upon him, did perform it and we performed it with him (2)" Footnotes: (1) (Ḥajj at-Tamatu’): A form of the pilgrimage where pilgrims intend to perform pilgrimage after performing 'umrah, preserving their right to take a break from the pilgrimage state of consecration in between. In this form of the pilgrimage, it is obligatory on pilgrims to sacrifice a domestic animal. If they cannot afford it, they should fast three days during the pilgrimage and seven days upon their return. Other forms of the pilgrimage are Single Pilgrimage, and Paired Pilgrimage. (2) Unconnected Pilgrimage is not forbidden (as defined by God), rather the dispute is concerning which type of pilgrimage is more desirable. Click on ḥadīth to read more